Informal developments acquire a unique urban character similar to the formal city. Visualizing as cities within the formal city is opposed to the common vision of marginal developments used by most Latin American Planners. "Marginal" category involves establishing a location relative to a center where marginality is subordinate. This happens even when in large cities subordination to the main center has decreased.

Development of a system to predict future urban growth and electric consumption for the Maracaibo’s Metropolitan Region. The GIS System was developed using demographic data, historic electric consumption since year 2000 until 2013, stored by consumer type (Residential, commercial, industrial) and spatially subdivided as a grid of 220x220 mts. Information about the city included land uses, ordinances, road network, land form, hydrography, hydrology, vegetation, land marks, and other data to determine and define the land available for urban growth, areas to be preserved, non-developable areas like lakes, rivers, parks, and others. Models were created using Spatial Analyst to predict urban growth and electric consumption. The analysis also involved predicting saturation of actual electric power and distribution of energy stations, transformers and other facilities of the electric company (Enelven). Maracaibo 2014.

Development of a country wide solution for client location, territory planning, sales force distribution, and float routing for products distribution. Polar is the largest private company of Venezuela, that produces several food and brewages for public consumption. An ArcGIS Server solution with over 400 clients covering the whole country has become the backbone of this company to optimize its production and distribution of several important daily consumer products. Caracas 2007 - 2016.

Development of a GIS for Environmental Monitoring System at the Golf of Paria, where mayor interventions for Gas Extraction and Production was planned out of sea with floating extraction platforms. This project included an environmental database design, processing of satellite images, creations af digital maps, developing of a corporate geodatabse, and applications for the company’s environmental division to keep track of water quality, emergency management, water transportation and piping monitoring, and other plans for environmental prevention and quality control measures, including GIS training for Conoco Phillips personnel. Project was developed in consortium with Cartogeo and Caura Ingenieria as Business Partners. Cumaná 2005.

Consulting, training and implementation process for Web publishing of several GIS Maps of the Municipality of Chacao, including cadaster, land use, public facilities, transportation, educational and health facilities, commercial activities and other information of public interest. Caracas 2005. For more information visit: http://infomapa.chacao.gob.ve/infomapa/

Development of a Prototype Model for an Urban Information System (SIUM). The Model contains Maps and Data that can be manipulated by SIUM. Complementary tasks for developing the Prototype Model included visits to Public and Private Institutions and Seminars and Workshops to promote and coordinate the SIUM development. As of today TDA Consulting and te Metropolitan Urban Institute (ITUM) have developed an ArcGIS OnLine service to publish most of the information originally collected and stored in a geodatabase during the SIUM development. Caracas 2004. For more information visit: http://caracasenunclick.alcaldiametropolitana.gob.ve/

Consulting process for developing a GIS (based on ESRI’s technology) for the administration and implementation of the water supply network at the City of Maracay. This GIS allows managing cadastral information by sectors, at a parcel level to create consumption maps, combine this information with the client and subscription database for a better payment collection system. A training and GIS technology transfer program was developed for the users of the Institution. Maracay 2004.

A General Comprehensive Territorial and Environmental Plan (PIGOT) for the country of Panama. A GIS was designed to provide easy access to all basic information required for multiple regional development applications. Training was provided for personnel from differentiated GIS tasks. This Plan was developed with a Partner Company: Ingenieria CAURA SA from Caracas Venezuela. Panamá 2003.

Development of a GIS for a Comprehensive Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Rio Guayas Watershed and the Santa Elena Peninsula – Guayaquil, Ecuador. Models for supporting the Plan and a Strategic program for technology transfer were developed to provide training for the institution personnel. This Plan was developed with Partner Company: Ingenieria CAURA S.A. from Caracas Venezuela. Guayaquil, Ecuador 2002.

Development of a GIS Server solution to build a cadastral and urban land use database, including Web publishing of Maps for the City of Maracaibo. Several applications were designed oriented to keep informed the community of the city. Maracaibo, Venezuela 2002.

Development of a National Environmental Information System (SNIA) for Disaster prevention, mitigation and response (PMR). National Center of Geoinformatics (CNG) of the Dominican Republic. Physical, Socioeconomic, and cartographic data was collected and incorporated into the GIS. This System was developed with a Partner Company: Ingenieria CAURA SA from Caracas Venezuela. A comprehensive program was developed to train personnel from several institutions including INIDER, Instituto Cartográfico Militar, Instituto de Geología. Dominican Republic 2002. View more Information.

Program for Transferring GIS New Technologies for the. Development of a GIS Corporate Service and digitalization of The Maracaibo Plains (Planicie de Maracaibo) of about 50.000 km2. Consulting included training, conceptual design, geodatabase development and map production system for agrological capabilities and suitability for irrigation agricultural development. A comprehensive program of training and courses for the personnel of the institution, and 4 municipalities was included. Maracaibo, Venezuela 2001.

Design and development a GIS for the National Parks and Natural Monuments. Design and development of a GIS for the National Parks and Natural Monuments for INPARQUES. This GIS supports planning and management of areas under special administration: “Areas bajo Regimen de Administracion Especial”. Study area included National Parks of El Avila and Macarao and national monument of Pico Codazzi. This System was developed in Partnership with Ingenieria CAURA Company from Caracas, Venezuela 2001.

Development of a GIS for Office Asignment Control (SISCOF). A GIS allows data capturing, manipulation, display and searching and locating of offices and personnel assigned to these spaces. The system provides a spatial solution for planning and control of over 3000 rooms, offices and about 6500 employees assigned to several office buidings on the Oil Operative areas of Petroleos de Venezuela. The Office Space. System was developed using ARC/INFO, ArcView 3 and Avenue. Caracas, Venezuela 1999.

Design and implementation of Environment GIS for petroleum areas. This project included spatialization and georeferencing of an existing Oracle Data Base to design the system, the infrastructure location and its graphic representation and the development of an application for consulting and locating oil producing infrastructure and verification of several environmental quality levels, like quality of water, air, sound levels, soils stability, vegetation health, contingency planning and security at all oil fields. Maracaibo, Venezuela 1999.

Design of a GIS for Transportation 2000 for PDVSA operations to control routes of more than 500 ships and vehicles circulating in the Maracaibo Lake. The system controlled ships traffic, route management, logistics for dispatch and locating vehicles via GPS. Maracaibo, Venezuela 1999.

GIS prototype design for the Geodesy Department of MARAVEN Oil Co., now a subsidiary of PDVSA. The study area included map coverage of Ciudad Ojeda, a city located in the west coast of Maracaibo Lake. Graphic representation of Survey and Topographic Maps of the east coast were developed. Design of the APP for data exploring, locating and managing drainage and subsidence due to oil exploitation. A complete technology transfer and training were included. Ciudad Ojeda, Venezuela 1998.

Design and implementation of a GIS for LAGOVEN’s Occidental Division. Caracas, Venezuela. The System was developed in Arc/Info technology for the study area of La Salina, located in the east coast of Maracaibo Lake, and it included georeferencing of the exiting land properties in Oracle Data Base. Project included digitalization of existing service corridors, security areas, existing infrastructure, parcels owned by the company, etc. Project was developed for the Legal & Land Company Properties (Dpt. Legal y Tierras) to be used as negotiation process for land acquisition in areas of petroleum interest. Ciudad Ojeda, Venezuela 1998.

Design for a GIS Environmental Sensibility for the area of petroleum exploration & production named Zone 5 of Venezuela’s eastern and western coastal areas. The project included the first stage of environmental sensibility analysis for coast areas of Paraguana’s Peninsula and territory of Delta Amacuro. The project also included the development of a system for cartographic production, digitalization of geographic maps and data base design. Caracas, Venezuela 1997.

Design and implementation of a GIS for production and exploration areas of the Oritupano-Leona Unit.The System was developed using ARCINFO and included environmental control of exploration and production activities complemented by a training program. This System was developed in Partnership with Company: PROEGEO CA. Caracas, Venezuela 1997.

Design and implementation of a GIS for production and exploration areas of the Oritupano-Leona Unit.The System was developed using ARCINFO and included environmental control of exploration and production activities complemented by a training program. This System was developed in Partnership with Company: PROEGEO CA. Caracas, Venezuela 1997.

Development of a GIS based Proposal for the Ecological-Economical Zoning of the Amazonia, Project (TCA-BID) “Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica”. Input from the different countries involved, including cartographic information, was required for the physical biological and socioeconomic analysis. A training program and Model design were part of the project. Caracas, Venezuela 1997.